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<span style="font-size:9pt">4</span>
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European Regional Bureau Newsletter: 13 January 2017 – 19 January 2018
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<a name="_Hlk478029639">
<span style="font-family:'Hind Light';color:#3a82e4">Internet Access</span> <a name="_GoBack">
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<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: WP on Telecommunications and Information Society meeting</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The Working Party on Telecommunications and Information Society</span> <a href="http://mmail.dods.co.uk/wf/click?upn=pyBPr3ODec9edJBLOTR3tuyY4k-2FGk-2BlI3WCasNCFHL-2F7fJqcCI6duC7iMrz0V3Vt-2FMcs8OWqwWfp0GgwK8wptiqdRJPCCv-2FgIyFTUHsPhwU-3D_HM2xLN2tM-2FYF1ZWutwuBpRAdFSQbUrSs7NyboXLLFm-2Bap4h70L-2FHR5seiHByRMvFq-2F8Fetl-2FHgQBipjH1zCpt0yRTPn5WDNwqEnGzFpTAh3W-2BdNEydDbU0rbsqarMtW5pgKvv1adxUbfyPV8stewRQzYi-2BHgmVeVWqeqzEeoiqqFtIxfT8HEV29UgGcQxfv1JDw4dGSJKBiSkM4NvZj15SNi1-2F6-2FPq-2BMlFutFXVfVvM-3D"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">met</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> on January 18 to examine the latest Presidency text on the proposal for a Directive establishing the European Electronic Communications Code (EECC).</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The EECC is currently being discussed by the co-legislators (Commission, European Parliament and Council). The next trilogue meeting will take place on February 1.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: Council breakfast discussion on access issues in European Electronic Communications Code</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the EU organised a breakfast discussion on the more politically sensitive articles on the network access chapter of the telecommunications reform.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The Parliament’s position has so far been to focus on spectrum in the lead up to the next trilogue negotiation (1 February) – however there are now signs from the Council that it is looking to move forward the discussion.</span> <p style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:10.000000pt">
<span style="font-family:'Hind Light';color:#3a82e4">Trust</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Japan: Japan to join NATO Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence</span>
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<span></span> <a href="http://estonianworld.com/security/japan-join-nato-cyber-defence-centre-excellence-tallinn/"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Japan</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> will soon join the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (</span> <a href="https://ccdcoe.org/japan-join-nato-cooperative-cyber-defence-centre-excellence-tallinn.html"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">CCD COE</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">), a NATO-accredited international competence center, think tank and training institution in Tallinn, Estonia.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The director of the center, Merle Maigre, welcomed Japan's decision to join as a NATO’s key partner state outside the Euro-Atlantic area, as well as “a world-renowned leader in the field of technology and cyber security.”</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Sweden: PM announces new authority to fight fake news</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">On January 14, Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven</span> <a href="http://www.regeringen.se/tal/2018/01/sveriges-sakerhet-i-en-ny-varld/"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">announced</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> it would establish a new authority to encourage tackling fake news and disinformation, while helping to spread accurate information to the public.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The decision comes after the European Commission established a new</span> <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/experts-appointed-high-level-group-fake-news-and-online-disinformation"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">High-Level Group (HLEG) on fake news and online disinformation</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">, as part of a larger strategy the EU is implementing to tackle the spread of fake news and disinformation online.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Other European Members have also taken action against the phenomenon.</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">French President Emmanuel Macron has recently</span> <a href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2018/01/03/97001-20180103FILWWW00228-fake-news-sur-internet-macron-annonce-une-loi.php"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">announced</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> a new law to combat fake news.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: ENISA issues “2017 cyber threat landscape” report</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">On January 15, the European Union Agency for Network and Information Society (ENISA) published its “</span> <a href="https://www.enisa.europa.eu/news/enisa-news/enisa-report-the-2017-cyber-threat-landscape"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">2017 cyber threat landscape</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">.” This is the sixth in a series of ENISA’s reports analyzing the state-of-the-art in cyber threats.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Among other things, ENISA’s report stresses the fact that complexity of attacks and sophistication of malicious actions in cyberspace continues to increase, and identifies the monetization of cybercrime as the main motive of threat agents.</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Arial'"></span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The document states policy makers should take into consideration the cyber-threat landscape when defining their defence strategies, while also ensuring that education and research organisations are provided with the appropriate means to increase skills, capabilities, and knowledge related to cyber-threats.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The report also suggests the automation of cyber-threat intelligence needs to further progress to include strategic and tactical intelligence.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: ENISA issues ICT certification laboratories overview</span>
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<span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">On January 18, ENISA published an “</span> <a href="https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/overview-of-the-practices-of-ict-certification-laboratories-in-europe"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Overview of the ICT Certification Laboratories practices in Europe”</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> to identify and analyse the current ICT security certification laboratories within the EU Members. The study also makes a comparison to the practices used in non-EU countries.</span><span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The report states that most existing laboratories operate under their respective national schemes and often reflect the characteristics of their economies and policies. This trend may increase the risk of market fragmentation and bring up challenges regarding interoperability.</span><span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">By evaluating additional non-EU laboratories, the report goes one step further and identifies relevant patterns, similarities and differences.</span><span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The findings will be a used as input to the preparation of an EU-wide ICT security certification framework, currently being discussed by the co-legislators (the “</span> <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/initiatives/com-2017-477_en"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Cybersecurity Act</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">”).</span> <p class="list_paragraph" style="text-align:justify;margin-left:46.350000pt" awml:style="List Paragraph">
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<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: Horizontal Working Party on Cyber Issues meeting</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">On January 19, the Horizontal Working Party on Cyber Issues (cyber attachés)</span> <a href="http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/CM-1138-2018-INIT/en/pdf"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">met</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> to discuss several topics of high interest.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The role of encryption in criminal investigations has been discussed and the European Commission presented its latest activities in support to law enforcement agencies and exchange of views with the WP members.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The agenda also included an exchange of information from the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council, the Commission and the EEAS; a follow-up on the Wannacry cyber-attack; as well as a presentation of the ENISA’s report on the 2017 cyber threat landscape</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: Commission’s review of Code of Conduct on countering illegal online hate speech</span>
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<span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">On January 19, the European Commission issued the third</span> <a href="http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-18-261_en.htm"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">evaluation</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> of the Code of Conduct on countering illegal online hate speech.</span><span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The</span> <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/just/item-detail.cfm?item_id=612086"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">analysis</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> shows that IT companies removed on average 70% of illegal hate speech notified to them. There is thus a continued improvement and more platforms are expected to join the initiative (e.g. Instagram and Google Plus).</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Since May 2016, tech giants such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Microsoft have</span> <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-hatespeech/social-media-companies-accelerate-removals-of-online-hate-speech-eu-idUSKBN1F806X"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">committed</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> to combatting the spread of online hate speech, and removing more than two thirds of such content within 24 hours.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">“The Code of Conduct is now proving to be a valuable tool to tackle illegal content quickly and efficiently,”</span> <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/59936dfa-fca1-11e7-9b32-d7d59aace167"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">said</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> Vera Jourova, EU Justice Commissioner. Nonetheless, some challenges still remain, notably the lack of systematic feedback to users.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">US: Companies file brief in Microsoft Supreme Court data case</span>
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<span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Around 300 companies, groups and individuals filed</span> <a href="https://blogs.microsoft.com/datalaw/wp-content/uploads/sites/149/2018/01/Complete-List-of-Amici-Signatories_FINAL-4.pdf"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">briefs</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> with the U.S. Supreme Court in support of Microsoft in a long-standing case involving access to emails held by Microsoft on an Irish data server.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Privacy International, backed by 26 other global rights groups, filed an </span> <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/17/17-2/28354/20180118170547648_17-2 USA v Microsoft Brief of Privacy International Human and Digital Rights Organizations and International Legal Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent.pdf"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">amicus brief</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> warning about the “profound implications for the resilience of data protection laws all over the world.” IBM said that it could damage cloud providers’ business prospects. A group of 51 scientists have also submitted a</span> <a href="https://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjAt9vtseTYAhUEshQKHWiNACIQFggoMAA&url=http://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/17/17-2/28101/20180117133756823_FILE-Amicus%20Brief-US%20v%20Microsoft%20No.%2017-2.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0X0SQfDARRsQRflTnvuYPY"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">brief</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Microsoft has argued that the U.S. Department of Justice’s attempt to seize emails stored in the Irish data centre would violate foreign data protection laws and risk damaging the laws those countries have put in place to protect their citizens’ privacy.</span> <p class="list_paragraph" style="text-align:justify;margin-left:46.350000pt" awml:style="List Paragraph">
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<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">UK: Google fights “right to be forgotten” in London court</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Google</span> <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-01-18/google-braced-for-england-s-first-right-to-be-forgotten-trial"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">fights</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> its first battle over the “right to be forgotten” in England’s High Court. Two (anonymous) citizens want Google to take down links to information related to their old convictions. The first trial will take place on February 27 and the second on March 13.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The “right to be forgotten” principle, created by the European Court of Justice’s ruling in May 2014, allows people to ask for links to online information about them to be removed from search engine results if it’s outdated or irrelevant. It allows users to request, and force, Google to delist websites from its search results under certain circumstances.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Google said it “worked hard to comply with the right to be forgotten, but it took great care not to remove search results that are clearly in the public interest and will defend the public’s right to access lawful information.”</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Google has warned about the danger the principle could pose to freedom of speech online.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: European Commission’s e-evidence proposal delayed</span>
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<span class="list_paragraph" style="background:#ffffff"></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The European Commission was expected to release its proposal on e-evidence, aimed at improving cross-border access to electronic evidence in criminal matters, on January 24.</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">However, the presentation has now been postponed to the end of February.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Some controversial issues still need to be solved, notably whether companies must have legal representation in the EU to enable European security authorities to access their data, and whether there should be deadlines for businesses to provide data requested by prosecutors.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Justice Ministers will discuss this at an informal Justice and Home Affairs Council (JHA)</span> <a href="https://eu2018bg.bg/en/events/47?utm_source=POLITICO.EU&utm_campaign=6b2606b215-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_01_15&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_10959edeb5-6b2606b215-190136225"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">meeting</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'"> in Sofia, Bulgaria, on January 26.</span> <p style="text-align:justify">
<span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EU: Article 29 WP to elect new chair</span>
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<span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The Article 29 Working Party will meet on February 6-7 to elect a new chairperson.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">Andrea Jelinek, Head of the Austrian Data protection Authority, and her Bulgarian counterpart, Ventsislav Karadjov, Chairman of the Commission for personal data protection, have both submitted their candidacies and will thus run for the role.</span> <span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">The election will be particularly relevant, given the next chairman will also be responsible for the European Data Protection Board (</span> <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/justice-and-fundamental-rights/data-protection/data-protection-eu_en"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">EDPB</span></a><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Hind Light'">), a new institution that will enforce the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), from 25 May 2018.</span> <p class="list_paragraph" style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:10.000000pt" awml:style="List Paragraph">
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